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Plan Peru
Cusco
Update on... Santo Tomas 1
This is an update about life in the area of Santo Tomas 1, as seen through the eyes of the children and families who live there. Santo Tomas 1 is made up of various communities and the situation and the activites described are representative of the area as a whole.
Strengthening capacities of local management for development
One way to strengthen community capacities was to expand on community development plans, and this was used as a foundation and tool to elaborate on the district development plan. Now peasant families participate in public space for decision-making. Until two years ago, this was reserved for people with political and economic power.
In Santo Tomas 1, eight community development plans were designed by families. These plans will allow the families to negotiate and manage their projects with the municipalities, whose duty it is to listen to their proposals of projects that will benefit every one, not only the settlers of the urban areas.
Families marching to demand respect for their rights
"We`d never participated in meetings with the authorities before; we were always scared that they`d laugh at us, because most of us do`nt know how toread or write. But one day , our friends from Plan came and motivated us.They told us that we have rights and that weare equal to the people in the city. We have values and strengths, and we must make others listen to our ideas"(Alberto Ccoscco, 45 years old, community leader)
As mentioned, just two years ago rural communities had no part in deciding allocation and management of their economic resources. But now, thanks to the initiative of social organisation, famers can participate in public space with proposals designed in their own communities.
One of the most important achievements of this project was the strengthening of capacities of the families, including the men, women, boys and girls who participated in the design of the development plans. They all expressed their opinions and were listened to.Even teenagers and young people presented their projects to local government authorities, who unfortunately, are still resistant and sceptical of the value of development plans designed by the families in their own communities.
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The island of Ternate is a small, graceful volcanic cone rising leafy green from the sea in northeastern Indonesia, 1000 kilometers east of Borneo. ternate was once an entrepot of the Dutch empire, from which spices and other precious tropical commodities traveled westward by ship. Today its busy dock area, its fruit and fish markets, its mosques, its old forts, its sultan`s palace, and its tidy concrete houses are strug like carousel lights along a single ring road that traces the coastline.
Its upland slopes are mostly forested and unpopulated, and in those woods, if you`re lucky, you might still spot a certain resplendent bird, emerald-breasted, with two long white plumes dangling capelike from each shoulder, whose scientific name-Semioptera wallacii-honors the man who first brought it to scientific attention.
That man was Alfred Russel Wallace, a young English naturalist who did fieldwork throughout the Malay Archipelago in the late 1850s and early`60s.from this little island, on March 9, 1858, he sent off highly consequential letter, abroad a Dutch mail steamer headed westward.
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Humankind`s feverish attachment to gold shouldn`t have survived the modern world. Few cultures still believe that gold can give eternal life, and every country in the world has done away with the gold standard. But gold`s luster not only endures; fueled by global uncertainty, it grows stronger.
While investors flock to new gold-backed funds, jewelry still accounts for two-thirds of the demand, generating a record $53.5 billion in worldwide sales in 2007. In the U.S. an activist-driven"No Dirty Gold"campaign has persuaded many top jewelry retailers to stop selling gold from mines that cause severe social or environmental damage, but such concerns don`t ruffle the biggest consumer nations, namely India, where a gold obsession is woven into the culture, and China, which leaped past the U.S. in 2007 to become the world`s second largest buyer of gold jewelry.
For all of its allure, gold`s human and environmental toll has never been so steep.Part of the challenge, as well as the fascination, is that there is so little of it. In all of history, only 161,000 tons of gold have been mined, barely enough to fill two Olympic-size swimming pools. More than half of that has been extracted in the past 50 years. Now the world`s richest deposits are fast being depleted, and new discoveries are rare.
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課題その１
Favoring shallow coastal waters, North Atlantic right whales passed close to ports, swam slowly, and often lingered on surface. Such traits made them easy to harpoon, and they tended to conveniently float after they died, thanks to their exceptionally thick blubber layer, which whalers rendered into oil. The first of the great whales to be hunted commercially, they lit the lamps of the Old World from the Dark Age through the Renaissance. By the 16th century Europeans had exhausted the eastern North Atlantic population and turned to North America`s coast.
課題その２
In this moment of crisis, Herod looked of the Romans for help. He fled Jerusalem with his family under cover of darkness, and after defeating the Parthians and their Jewish allies in a desperate battle at the site where he would late build Herodium, he traveled on to Rome, where the senate named him king of Judaea. He walked out of senate building arm in arm with the two most powerful men in the Roman east, and Octavian, the young patrician who ruled the west, and who, nine years later, would defeat Antony and assume command of the entire empire.